Homo sapiens Droplet
※ Droplet introduction Interactions between diverse synthetic, multivalent macromolecules (including multi-domain proteins and RNA) produce sharp liquid-liquid-demixing phase separations, generating micrometre-sized liquid droplets in aqueous solution (1-2). In vitro phase separation assays with purified proteins have become the standard way to investigate proteins that form membrane-less compartments. By now, various proteins have been purified and tested for their ability to phase separate and form liquid condensates in vitro (3). References
1. Li P., Banjade S., Cheng H.C., et al. (2012) Phase transitions in the assembly of multivalent signalling proteins. Nature, 483, 336-40. PMID: 22398450
2. Kato M., Han T.W., Xie S., et al. (2012) Cell-free formation of RNA granules: low complexity sequence domains form dynamic fibers within hydrogels. Cell, 149, 753-67. PMID: 22579281
3. Alberti S., Saha S., Woodruff J.B., et al. (2018) A User’s Guide for Phase Separation Assays with Purified Proteins. J. Mol. Biol., 430, 4806-4820. PMID: 29944854
There are 122 genes. Reviewed (117)
or Unreviewed (5) 
※ Droplet introduction Interactions between diverse synthetic, multivalent macromolecules (including multi-domain proteins and RNA) produce sharp liquid-liquid-demixing phase separations, generating micrometre-sized liquid droplets in aqueous solution (1-2). In vitro phase separation assays with purified proteins have become the standard way to investigate proteins that form membrane-less compartments. By now, various proteins have been purified and tested for their ability to phase separate and form liquid condensates in vitro (3). References
1. Li P., Banjade S., Cheng H.C., et al. (2012) Phase transitions in the assembly of multivalent signalling proteins. Nature, 483, 336-40. PMID: 22398450
2. Kato M., Han T.W., Xie S., et al. (2012) Cell-free formation of RNA granules: low complexity sequence domains form dynamic fibers within hydrogels. Cell, 149, 753-67. PMID: 22579281
3. Alberti S., Saha S., Woodruff J.B., et al. (2018) A User’s Guide for Phase Separation Assays with Purified Proteins. J. Mol. Biol., 430, 4806-4820. PMID: 29944854
There are 122 genes. Reviewed (117)
or Unreviewed (5)