※ Regulator introduction

    The LLPS of scaffold proteins and the stability of MLOs can be modulated by PTMs and other proteins (1-4). For example, arginine methylation of FUS by PRMT1 or PRMT8 reduces the LLPS of FUS, and both PRMTs were classified as PTM regulators. Also, Buchan et al. conducted a microscopy-based genetic screen of >4000 gene deletions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and identified 125 genes to be involved in regulating the stability and formation of P-bodies and/or stress granules (5). None of these proteins have been characterized to undergo LLPS, and here we classified all the 125 proteins as MLO regulators.

References
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2. Wang, Z. and Zhang, H. (2019) Phase Separation, Transition, and Autophagic Degradation of Proteins in Development and Pathogenesis. Trends in cell biology, 29, 417-427. PMID: 30826216
3. Alberti, S., Gladfelter, A. and Mittag, T. (2019) Considerations and challenges in studying liquid-liquid phase separation and biomolecular condensates. Cell, 176, 419-434. PMID: 30682370
4. Bergeron-Sandoval, L.P., Safaee, N. and Michnick, S.W. (2016) Mechanisms and Consequences of Macromolecular Phase Separation. Cell, 165, 1067-1079. PMID: 27203111
5. Buchan, J.R., Kolaitis, R.M., Taylor, J.P. and Parker, R. (2013) Eukaryotic stress granules are cleared by autophagy and Cdc48/VCP function. Cell, 176, 419-434. PMID: 23791177